Alexandria

Overview

Alexandria, Egypt's pearl on the Mediterranean coast, was founded by Alexander the Great in 331 BC and was one of the most important cities of the ancient world. This cosmopolitan city, which has hosted many civilizations throughout its history, captivates visitors with its rich cultural heritage, bustling bazaars, and the refreshing breeze of the Mediterranean. Offering both a cultural exploration and a pleasant time by the sea for Turkish tourists, Alexandria has a calmer and more European atmosphere compared to Cairo. The city is like an open-air museum with its ancient library, lighthouse, and Roman-era ruins.

History and Culture

During the Ptolemaic Dynasty, Alexandria became the capital of Egypt, home to the ancient world's largest library and one of its seven wonders, the Lighthouse of Alexandria. The city maintained its importance during the Roman and Byzantine periods, entering a new era with the Islamic conquest. Alexandria, also part of the Ottoman Empire, has carried its multicultural structure to the present day. Hellenistic, Roman, Byzantine, and Islamic influences can be seen together in the city's architecture. Its proximity to Turkish culture and historical ties make the city even more attractive for Turkish travelers.

Places to Visit

• Bibliotheca Alexandrina

  A modern interpretation of the ancient world's largest library, this structure is a must-see for its architecture and collections.

• Qaitbay Citadel

  Built on the ruins of the ancient Lighthouse of Alexandria, this 15th-century fortress offers magnificent views of the Mediterranean.

• Roman Theatre at Kom El Dikka

  Located in the city center, this well-preserved Roman theater evokes the atmosphere of antiquity.

• Pompey's Pillar

  This colossal column, all that remains of the Temple of Serapis, reflects the grandeur of the Roman era.

• Montaza Palace and Gardens

  The former summer residence of the royal family, this palace and its extensive gardens offer a peaceful escape.

• Catacombs of Kom El Shoqafa

  Showcasing a unique blend of Roman, Hellenistic, and ancient Egyptian art, these underground tombs reveal Alexandria's multicultural past.

• Alexandria National Museum

  An important museum displaying the city's rich history from ancient Egyptian to Roman and Islamic periods.

Cuisine and Local Flavors

Alexandrian cuisine, similar to Egypt's general cuisine, is a blend of Mediterranean and Middle Eastern flavors. Seafood is very popular; you can find fresh seafood at affordable prices in fish restaurants. In Egyptian cuisine, which offers flavors close to the Turkish palate, "koshary" (a mixture of rice, pasta, lentils, and chickpeas), "ful medames" (a fava bean dish eaten for breakfast), and "molokhia" (a type of green vegetable soup) must be tried. Kebabs and chicken dishes are also common. Finding halal food is very easy in Egypt. For dessert, familiar flavors like "basbousa" or "baklava" are also available.

Accommodation Recommendations

Alexandria offers accommodation options for every budget. There is a wide range from luxury hotels along the Corniche (promenade) to more affordable boutique hotels in the city center. Sea-view hotels are popular. Staying close to the city center provides easy access to most tourist attractions. For Turkish tourists, international chain hotels or well-reviewed local hotels that pay attention to hygiene and service quality can be preferred.

Travel from Turkey

There are no direct flights from Turkey to Alexandria. Travel is usually via direct flights from Istanbul to Cairo. From Cairo International Airport (CAI) to Alexandria, options include domestic flights (approx. 45 minutes), comfortable bus services (approx. 2-3 hours), or train (approx. 2.5-3.5 hours). Bus and train are more economical and good alternatives for observing local life.

Practical Information

• Visa:

  A visa for Egypt is required for Turkish citizens. It is recommended to apply for a visa at the Egyptian consulates in Turkey before traveling.

• Currency:

  Egyptian Pound (EGP). Carrying small banknotes is useful, especially in local markets and for tipping.

• Language:

  The official language is Arabic. English is widely spoken in tourist areas. Learning basic Arabic phrases can facilitate communication.

• Bargaining:

  Bargaining is a common practice in local markets and taxis. Do not hesitate to negotiate prices.

• Water:

  Prefer bottled water instead of drinking tap water.

• Weather:

  Summer months (June-September) can be very hot and humid. The weather between October and April is milder and ideal for sightseeing.